منابع مشابه
“Fiscal Devaluation” and Fiscal Consolidation: The VAT in Troubled Times; by Ruud de Mooij and Michael Keen; IMF Working Paper 12/85; March 1, 2012
This paper focuses on two core tax design issues that arise in addressing current fiscal challenges. It first explores the idea, prominent in troubled Eurozone countries, of a “fiscal devaluation”: shifting from social contributions to the VAT as a way to mimic a nominal devaluation. Empirical evidence is presented which suggests that in Eurozone countries this may indeed improve the trade bala...
متن کاملDebt Level and Fiscal Rules in Iran According to Budget Structural Reform
Oil-exporting countries often escalate macroeconomic fluctuations by adopting cyclical fiscal policies. Empirical evidence shows that the main reason of instability in oil-exporting countries is the poor management of oil. In this study, after introducing a small open macroeconomic model with a dual managed floating exchange rate regime and estimating it using quarterly macroeconomic data of Ir...
متن کاملGlobal Production and Currency Devaluation
This simple paper models the production allocation choices of a multinational enterprise (MNE) in a three-country framework -a northern country and two southern countries. The products made in the southern countries are of lower quality, and have higher substitutability than those between the south and the north. We investigate how exchange rates affect production, employment, profits and welfa...
متن کاملStructural Dynamics of Tropical Moist Forest Gaps
Gap phase dynamics are the dominant mode of forest turnover in tropical forests. However, gap processes are infrequently studied at the landscape scale. Airborne lidar data offer detailed information on three-dimensional forest structure, providing a means to characterize fine-scale (1 m) processes in tropical forests over large areas. Lidar-based estimates of forest structure (top down) differ...
متن کاملDevaluation of PTSD
The item from the Editor’s desk on the devaluation of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Tyrer, 2005) is to be welcomed, and in my view this issue is indeed ‘highly significant’. Post-traumatic stress disorder is surely not a true medical diagnosis, rather it is best seen as a medicolegal, benefit-linked criterion. It is a bureaucratic hurdle for a claimant to surmount, not a medical diagno...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: SSRN Electronic Journal
سال: 2014
ISSN: 1556-5068
DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2504411